Abdoun Palm / Insights
Insights · Hotel KPI series

The numbers every hotel owner should read the same way.

Short, practical explanations of the measures that matter to ownership — with a formula and a worked example for each. Free to save and share with your team.

Hotel economics

Where the money comes from, and where it goes.

Every hotel result is the same three circles: revenue, cost of sales and operating expenses.

Revenue comes from rooms, food and beverage, events and other services. Cost of sales follows each riyal earned, and operating expenses — payroll, energy, maintenance, distribution and fees — decide how much reaches profit. Reading the three together is the start of every owner conversation.

Hotel economics wheel: revenue, costs and expenses of a hotel
Hotel KPI series

Ten measures, explained in a minute each.

All figures are illustrative. Click any card image to open it full size.

Hotel KPI 01: RevPAR · TRevPAR · GOPPAR
KPI 01 · RevPAR · TRevPAR · GOPPAR

Three measures, three different questions.

RevPAR = room revenue ÷ available rooms

RevPAR shows how well the rooms sell, TRevPAR how productive the whole hotel is, and GOPPAR how much of it becomes profit. Each is useful; none is complete on its own.

Hotel KPI 02: RevPAR
KPI 02 · RevPAR

Same RevPAR. Different hotel.

RevPAR = ADR × occupancy

90% occupancy at SAR 400 and 72% at SAR 500 both give SAR 360 RevPAR. The second hotel sells 18 fewer rooms per 100 — less housekeeping, laundry, amenities and wear. RevPAR does not tell you which mix is more profitable.

Hotel KPI 03: Flow-through
KPI 03 · Flow-through

How much of each extra riyal reaches profit?

Flow-through = change in GOP ÷ change in total revenue

Revenue up SAR 1.0m with GOP up SAR 450K is a 45% flow-through. When revenue rises it shows how much growth is kept; when it falls, how well costs were adjusted.

Hotel KPI 04: MPI · ARI · RGI
KPI 04 · MPI · ARI · RGI

Is the hotel winning its fair share?

RGI = hotel RevPAR ÷ comp set RevPAR × 100

100 is fair share. An MPI of 104 with an ARI of 94 gives an RGI of about 98 — the hotel is winning volume but giving away rate.

Hotel KPI 05: Cost per occupied room
KPI 05 · Cost per occupied room

Percentages can hide a problem.

CPOR = department cost ÷ occupied rooms

SAR 3.6m of rooms cost over 60,000 occupied rooms is SAR 60 a room. In peak season — Ramadan and Hajj in Makkah and Madinah — cost as a percentage can look healthy while the cost per room quietly rises.

Hotel KPI 06: Net RevPAR
KPI 06 · Net RevPAR

What is left after the cost of selling the room.

Net RevPAR = (room revenue − distribution cost) ÷ available rooms

A hotel with RevPAR of SAR 340 and low channel costs can keep more per room than one at SAR 360 with heavy commissions. Distribution cost belongs in every revenue review.

Hotel KPI 07: GOP margin
KPI 07 · GOP margin

Bigger revenue is not always a better-run hotel.

GOP margin = GOP ÷ total revenue × 100

SAR 12.0m GOP on SAR 40.0m revenue is 30%; SAR 11.2m on SAR 32.0m is 35%. The amount pays the bills; the margin shows the discipline.

Hotel KPI 08: F&B cost and profit
KPI 08 · F&B cost and profit

Food cost % is not the whole F&B story.

Food cost % = cost of food sold ÷ food revenue × 100

A healthy 32% food cost can still sit beside a thin departmental result if payroll is heavy. Review cost of sales, payroll and departmental profit as one line.

Hotel KPI 09: GOP to EBITDA
KPI 09 · GOP to EBITDA

GOP is not the end of the story.

EBITDA after reserve = GOP − fees − fixed charges − FF&E reserve

SAR 11.5m GOP becomes SAR 8.5m EBITDA after management fees and fixed charges, and SAR 7.06m after a 4% FF&E reserve — the fairer view of long-term value. Terms follow USALI.

Hotel KPI 10: Variance analysis
KPI 10 · Variance analysis

One number, two comparisons, two stories.

Variance % = (actual − comparison) ÷ comparison × 100

SAR 3.20m of revenue is 5.9% below a SAR 3.40m budget and 6.7% above last year's SAR 3.00m. Was the budget right, or is the market moving faster than the hotel?

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